Integrating Multi-Hazard Exposure with Social Vulnerability into Global Displacement Risks

This study introduces a comprehensive displacement risk index integrating high-resolution hazard data (floods, storms, droughts, wildfires, earthquakes, landslides) with multidimensional social vulnerability metrics to evaluate global patterns and compound risks in conflict zones. Combining historical displacement records with environmental, demographic, and socioeconomic indicators, we identify high-risk regions and quantify interactions between hazards and conflict. Results reveal floods as the primary displacement driver, particularly in South Asia (Bangladesh, India, Pakistan) and Sub-Saharan Africa (Nigeria, Ethiopia), where dense populations in hazard-prone areas intersect with low resilience.