Provincial-Level Socioeconomic and Electoral Data from Türkiye's 2023 Presidential Election

This dataset contains provincial-level data from Türkiye’s 2023 presidential runoff election (May 28, 2023) integrated with a comprehensive set of socioeconomic indicators.The dataset includes 81 provincial observations and 29 explanatory variables covering economic, demographic, social, and labor-market dimensions.Official electoral data were obtained from the Supreme Election Council of Türkiye (YSK), while socioeconomic indicators were collected from the Turkish Statistical Institute (TURKSTAT), the Ministry of Treasury and Finance, the Ministry of Trade, and the Social Security Institution (SGK).Variables include GDP per capita, unemployment rate, industrial and service sector shares in GDP, education levels, migration rates, car ownership, and others.The dataset was used in the study “Socioeconomic Determinants of Voting Behavior in Türkiye’s 2023 Presidential Election: A Machine Learning Analysis” to model the relationship between socioeconomic structure and provincial voting outcomes using machine learning algorithms (Random Forest, SVM, KNN, etc.). All variables were standardized using z-score normalization, and feature selection was performed with Recursive Feature Elimination and Cross-Validation (RFECV).The data are fully anonymized, reproducible, and suitable for comparative or replication studies in political science, public policy, and behavioral economics.