Agreement of ZHF thermometry compared with tympanic temperature monitoringTB-D-23-00757

This study aims to compare the application of the cutaneous zero-heat-flux (ZHF) thermometer in general anesthesia using the infrared tympanic measurement as a reference. We conducted a prospective observational study and enrolled in 130 patients scheduled for major surgery with general anesthesia. Core temperature was continuously measured using a forehead ZHF sensor (Tzhf) and an infrared tympanic thermometer (Ttym). Comparing the paired measurement of Tzhf and Ttym, we assessed the agreement using Bland-Altman analysis and concordance correlation coefficient (CCC). We further calculated the percentage of difference within 0.5°C between the two devices. Sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values were estimated for interpretation the performance of the ZHF thermometer in detecting hypothermia and hyperthermia.