Sample location, physicochemical factor data, and data related to bacterial composition.

To elucidate the distribution patterns, abundances, and environmental drivers of Acidithiobacillus in global mining environments, this study systematically conducted an integrated analysis of worldwide samples collected over the past two decades. Based on the types of sampling matrices, a total of 800 AMD-related samples from across the globe were compiled. These include 220 AMD water samples (from 33 sites), 195 tailings/rock samples (from 12 sites), 280 sediment/soil samples (from 29 sites), and 105 biofilm samples (from 8 sites). Concurrently, corresponding physicochemical parameters for the sampling sites were directly extracted from tables in the literature or digitally obtained using GetData (v2.25) from figures. Based on 16S rRNA sequencing data from 800 AMD-related samples with temporal dimensions across the globe, an integrated analysis of relative species abundance was performed. The study specifically focused on investigating the abundance of Acidithiobacillus and its influencing factors.<br>