Disparity and dysanaerobiosis in composition and diversity of the intestinal mucosa-associated microflora in patients with ulcerative colitis.. human gut metagenome

The healthy human intestine is represented by a low level of oxygen concentration and by the presence of large number of bacterial communities belonging to obligate anaerobes; however disparity and dysanaerobiosis in intestinal microflora may lead to the development of ulcerative colitis. The foremost aim of this study is to consider and compare the gut microbiota composition in patients suffering from different inflammatory stages of ulcerative colitis.In this study, six patients suffering form ulcerative colitis (2 at severe stage 2 at intermediate stage and 2 at mild stage of UC) were included, biopsy samples were collected during a flexible sigmoidoscopy, and tissue samples were processed immediately upon collection for isolation of DNA, total mucosal microbiota was analyzed by means of 16S rRNA gene illumina high throughput sequencing based profiling method. Our illumina hiseq sequencing data indicate a shift of bacterial communities from obligate to facultative anaerobes and aerobes in ulcerative colitis samples. A collapse of anaerobiotic state of microbiota in large intestine points towards role of oxygen concentration in intestinal disparity.