Dose Optimization of Resistance Training for Physical Function in Patients with Sarcopenia: A Bayesian Model-Based Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Resistance training is widely recommended to improve physical function in patients with sarcopenia; however, the optimal training dose (combination of frequency, intensity, and duration) remains inconclusive, and the dose-response relationship between different dose levels and clinically meaningful benefits is unclear. This review aims to use Bayesian network meta-analysis to synthesize evidence from randomized controlled trials, quantify the comparative effects of resistance training at various weekly metabolic equivalent dose levels on multiple physical function outcomes (e.g., handgrip strength, gait speed, TUG, chair stand, SPPB), and explore potential non-linear dose-response trends and optimal dose ranges. This review will provide evidence-based dose recommendations for exercise rehabilitation guidelines in sarcopenia and address the current gap in quantifying dose-response relationships in this field.