Finnish National Election Study 2023

This survey focused on the 2023 parliamentary elections in Finland. Main themes included political participation, political attitudes, party allegiance, candidate and party choice, and voting behaviour. Further topics included citizens' initiative, different ways of having a say in matters, and future prospects of Finland. Swedish-speaking population is over-represented in the data. The data were collected after the elections through three questionnaires, with each respondent answering only one of them. Although the questionnaires focus on different themes, there is also overlap between them. Certain issues - such as voting in the 2023 parliamentary elections, party choice and trust - were asked in each questionnaire. The first questionnaire (quF3875_1) contains Finland's contribution to the international CSES study (module 6). Data collection was funded by the Ministry of Justice. The first questionnaire covered the respondents' interest in politics, attention paid to media coverage of the elections (including social media), satisfaction with the political system, economic situation, party preferences, political value orientations, discussions about politics with others, party identification and whether the respondents felt close to any party. The respondents' opinions on voting, democracy, decision-making and parties were surveyed. Satisfaction with the political system was charted by asking how much the respondent trusts various institutions, such as the president, political parties, parliament, government, the judiciary and the media. They were also asked about the successes of the cabinet led by prime minister Sanna Marin. The respondents' perceptions of their own financial situation and the Finnish economy were also charted. Further questions were asked about voting in the parliamentary elections. The respondents were asked about their opinions on Finnish parties and their chairs. They were also asked to place the parties on the left-right axis. In addition, the respondents placed themselves on the left-right axis and on the liberal-conservative scale. The respondents were asked about the functioning of democracy in Finland and the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on, for example, Finland's unity. The second questionnaire charted the respondents' interest in politics, attention paid to media coverage of the elections (including social media), social and political participation, trust, candidate and party choice, political knowledge, and political values and attitudes. The sources from which the respondents got relevant information for their voting choice were examined (e.g. family or friends, newspapers, TV, social media). The respondent's views on issues such as participation in politics and civic competence were surveyed. The respondents specified the forms of their social participation, such as whether they signed any citizens' initiatives or participated in political party or other civic organization activities. They were also asked whether people could be trusted. Non-voters were asked why they had not voted. Those who voted in the elections were asked in more detail which party and which candidate the respondent voted for. Finland's future direction was charted with attitudinal statements concerning, for example, multiculturalism, Christian values, climate change, state regulation and taxation. The third questionnaire covered the respondents' interest in politics, trust, political knowledge, value orientations, political values and attitudes and whether the respondents felt close to any party. The respondents listed the three most important social problems that politicians should address. The respondents' opinions on current political issues such as the security threat from Russia, local agreement on terms and conditions of employment, cuts in public services and forest fellings were surveyd. Background variables included, among others, the respondent's year of birth, gender, education, marital status, trade union membership, political party membership, economic activity and occupational status, employer type, religiosity and religious attendance, mother tongue, type of municipality of residence, gross annual household income, number of people in the household, number of children, country of birth, parents' country of birth (categorised), and electoral district.

本调研聚焦于2023年芬兰议会选举。主要议题涵盖政治参与、政治态度、政党归属、候选人与政党选择以及投票行为。此外，还涉及公民倡议、参与公共事务的不同途径以及芬兰的未来展望。数据中瑞典语人口比例偏高。数据收集在选举后通过三项问卷进行，每位受访者仅回答其中之一。尽管问卷侧重于不同主题，但也存在一定的重叠。某些问题，如2023年议会选举中的投票、政党选择与信任，在每一份问卷中均有涉及。第一份问卷（quF3875_1）包含了芬兰对国际CSES研究的贡献（模块6）。数据收集由司法部资助。第一份问卷涵盖了受访者对政治的兴趣、对选举媒体报道（包括社交媒体）的关注程度、对政治体制、经济状况、政党偏好、政治价值观取向、与他人就政治问题的讨论、政党认同以及受访者是否感到与任何政党亲近等方面的看法。还对受访者在投票、民主、决策与政党等方面的意见进行了调查。通过询问受访者对总统、政党、议会、政府、司法机构以及媒体的信任程度，来衡量对政治体制的满意度。同时，还询问了受访者对总理桑娜·马里领导的内阁的成功评价。此外，还调查了受访者对自己经济状况和芬兰经济的看法。进一步的问题涉及议会选举中的投票。受访者被问及对芬兰政党及其主席的看法，并被要求在左右翼轴上定位政党。此外，受访者还被要求在左右翼轴和自由保守尺度上定位自己。受访者还被问及芬兰民主运作以及COVID-19大流行对芬兰团结等的影响。第二份问卷描绘了受访者在政治兴趣、对选举媒体报道（包括社交媒体）的关注程度、社会与政治参与、信任、候选人与政党选择、政治知识与政治价值观和态度等方面的兴趣。调查了受访者获取投票选择相关信息来源（如家人或朋友、报纸、电视、社交媒体）的情况。对受访者关于参与政治与公民能力等问题进行了调查。受访者具体说明了他们社会参与的形式，例如是否签署过公民倡议或参与过政党或其他公民组织的活动。还询问了人们是否值得信赖。对于未投票的人，询问了他们未投票的原因。对于已投票的人，更详细地询问了受访者投票给哪个政党以及哪个候选人。通过关于多元文化主义、基督教价值观、气候变化、国家监管与税收等方面的态度陈述，描绘了芬兰未来方向的轮廓。第三份问卷涵盖了受访者在政治兴趣、信任、政治知识、价值观取向、政治价值观与态度以及受访者是否感到与任何政党亲近等方面的兴趣。受访者列出了政治家应该解决的前三个最重要的社会问题。对受访者关于当前政治问题，如来自俄罗斯的威胁、关于就业条款的当地协议、公共服务削减和森林砍伐等问题的看法进行了调查。背景变量包括受访者的出生年份、性别、教育程度、婚姻状况、工会会员资格、政党会员资格、经济活动与职业状况、雇主类型、宗教信仰与宗教参与、母语、居住地类型、毛年收入、家庭人数、孩子数量、出生国家、父母出生国家（分类）以及选区等。