miRNA expression profiles of whole blood cells from a Han Chinese population with or without Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus or/and its complications in nephropathy and retinopathy

Our main purpose is to screen specific biomarkers for supporting diagnoses of type-2 diabetic nephropathy (T2DN), type-2 diabetic retinopathy (T2DR), and type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) without these complications. The miRNA expression database was built to study T2D in humans with the performance of the GeneChip™ miRNA 4.0 array analysis. The notable highlight of the analysis results in RNA expression shows there are three main groups which include one control group and two diabetic groups. It is used to apply grouping to the miRNA-expression analysis. Although classifications of blood samples were based on doctors-supervised conclusions in medical reports, clinical parameters and group distribution in RNA-expression array analysis supported rearranging in new orders. It means that the analysis reports were divided into two parts, which were influenced by medical doctors and analysts. Specifically, the doctors think that long-term T2D-exposure makes the disease worse, however, the analysts believe that individuals have different conditions and self-treatments, which affect the severe levels of the disease with long durations. It was highly recommended that the miRNA-expression analysis have to follow the previous classifications of RNA expression.