International manufacturing and trade in colistin, its implications in polymyxin resistance and One-Health global policies: a microbiological, economic and anthropological study

This study gives a panoramic overview of trade, manufacturing, consumption, and resistance of colistin in Pakistan, additionally, we provide anecdotal data on colistin import from other LMICs including Bangladesh and Nigeria. In this study we investigated community based one health surveillance and molecular epidemiology of colistin resistance in Pakistan with sampling sources from human, poultry, cattle, meat, flies, wild birds, and fresh and wastewater.