Table 1 in Porifera from Ponta do Ouro (Mozambique)

Table 1 (continued on next page). Characteristics of the species of Theonella Gray 1868. The description of Theonella ferruginea Haeckel in Zittel, 1878 is not available (Van Soest et al. 2019). SpeciesDistributionShapeMegascleresSize (μm)MicroscleresSize (μm)Desmas and phyllotriaenesT. annulata Lendenfeld, 1907Morocco–––Slightly curved acanthorhabds30Phyllotriaenes, tetraclone desmas with tuberclesT. atlantica Van Soest & Stentolft, 1988Florida/CaribbeanEncrusting/Lobate––Straight acanthorhabds8–15 × 2Dichotraene–like phyllotriaenes, desmasT. complicata (Carter, 1880)SeychellesMassive irregularOxeas/strongyles/ styles90 ×5, 120 × 5, 120 × 5––PhyllotriaenesT. conica (Kieschnick, 1896)Red Sea/Indonesia/ Massive MadagascarOxeas/strongyles275–550Acanthorhabds10Phyllotriaenes, tetracrepid desmasT. cupola (Burton, 1928)IndiaDome shaped massiveOxeas44Rhabds “with well–developed spines”19Phyllotriaenes, desmas with tuberclesT. cylindrica Wilson, 1925PhilippinesCylindrical massiveStrongyles600 × 5Microspined rhabds rounded at the ends8 × 3Smooth phyllotriaenes, desmasT. deliqua Hall, Ekins & Hooper, 2014AustraliaEncrusting/Massive––Microxeas slender, slightly curved, tips sharply hastate, covered by numerous, narrow, conical spines7.2–(14.6)– 21.6 × 2.5–3.4T. ferruginea Haeckel in Zittel, 1878No informationT. incerta Thiele, 1900IndonesiaVasiformStrongyles150Microrhabds “with rougher surface”10 × 8Phyllotriaenes with several shapes, desmasT. invaginata Wilson, 1925PhilippinesVasiformStrongyles420 × 6Acanthorhabds, oxeate or strongylate ends420 × 6Smooth phyllotriaenes, desmas with tuberclesT. lacerata Lendenfeld, 1907Red Sea/Indonesia Cylindrical massiveOxeas400–630Cylindrical rhabds16–24× 1.5–4Smooth phyllotriaenes, dicranoclonesT. laena Lim & Tan, 2016SingaporeEncrustingStrongyles600–630slightly curved acanthose strongyloxeas13–27Phyllotriaenes, desmas with tuberclesT. levior Lendenfeld, 1907AustraliaCylindrical massiveOxeas/strongyles500–770Cylindrical and slightly thinned15–30 × 2–4Smooth phyllotriaenesT. maricae Hall, Ekins & Hooper, 2014AustraliaEncrusting––microxeas slightly curved, with conical spines37.5T. mirabilis (de Laubenfels, 1954)Central PacificIrregular massiveStrongyles400 × 7Straight microrhabds12 × 2T. pulchrifolia Dendy, 1922MaldivesLamellar2 sizes oxeas57 ×3, 140 × 3Microrhabds–Phyllotriaenes, tetracrepis desmasT. swinhoei Gray, 1868Indian OceanCylindrical massiveStrongyles325–600Rhabds6–23Smooth phyllotriaenes, desmas with tuberclesT. timmi Samaai, Pillay & Janson, 2019Massive conical to West Indian Ocean columnarStrongyles/oxeas316–(410)– 593Slightly curved acanthorhabds16–(17)–19Tetraclone desmas smooth, various size of phyllotrienesT. wrightae Pisera & Pomponi 2015Gulf of MexicoDigitate/Lobate––Straight and microspined microrhabds9–20Phyllotriaenes, discotriaenes, tetraclone desmasT. xantha (Sutcliffe, Hooper & Pitcher, 2010)AustraliaEncrusting––Straight microrhabds densely spined14.7