Yak milk relieves exercise-induced fatigue by enhancing glycogen and ATP synthesis through prompting the synergetic action of intestine-liver-muscle axis

Liver transcriptomic analysis revealed that dietary supplementation with YM exerted robust effects on the global liver gene profile and functional pathways. In YM-M group mice, genes from the Mups family associated with gluconeogenesis promotion were significantly enriched, with KEGG annotation identifying regulatory pathways for gluconeogenesis, including the AMPK signaling pathway and the chREBP metabolic pathway. In summary, these findings demonstrated that YM modulated the progression of EF by facilitating beneficial communication across the gut-liver-muscle axis.