Yosemite National Park - Trails - Open Data

Trail data are used for many purposes including planning and management, mapping and condition assessment, routing and navigation, public information, emergency response, and research. A current, accurate representation of park trails is needed for national reporting and a variety of mapping requirements at all levels of the National Park Service and the general public. A National-level dataset allows the NPS to communicate a consistent and high-quality trails database to NPS staff, partners, visitors, and entities that produce maps and location-based services of park units. The collection, storage, and management of trail-related data are important components of everyday business activities in many Federal and State land-managing agencies, trail organizations, and businesses. From a management perspective, trail data must often mesh closely with other types of infrastructure, resource, and facility enterprise data. For the public using paper maps, the internet, GPS or other instrumentation, standard data formats enable users to consistently and predictably identify specific trails and a core set of corresponding information. Today, digital trail data are a necessity throughout a trail data management life-cycle, from trail planning through design, construction, operation, and maintenance. Automating, sharing, and leveraging trail data through this widely accepted standard can provide a variety of important benefits: Efficiency - creating and gathering trail data that are standardized and readily usable. Compatibility - compiling data from one project or discipline that can be compatible with other applications; Consistency - using the same standards, meshing data produced by one organization with that developed by another; Speed - hastening the availability of data through a reduction in duplicative efforts and lowered production costs (Applications can be developed more quickly and with more interoperability by using existing standards-compliant data); Conflict resolution - resolving conflicting trail data more easily if compliant to the same standards; Reliability - improving the quality of shared trail data by increasing the number of individuals who find and correct errors; and Reusability - allow maximum reuse across agencies and support objectives of EGovernment (E-Gov) initiatives and enterprise architecture. IRMA Data Store Reference

步道数据的应用场景十分广泛，涵盖规划与管理、测绘与状况评估、路径规划与导航、公共信息发布、应急响应以及科学研究等多个领域。美国国家公园管理局（National Park Service, NPS）各级机构及社会公众均需掌握公园步道的最新精准现状，以满足国家层面汇报需求及各级各类测绘工作要求。国家级步道数据集可助力NPS向其工作人员、合作方、游客以及负责公园辖区地图制作与基于位置服务开发的各类机构，传递一套统一且高质量的步道数据库。

步道相关数据的采集、存储与管理，是众多美国联邦、州级土地管理机构、步道组织及相关企业日常业务的核心组成部分。从管理视角来看，步道数据通常需与其他类型的基础设施、资源及设施企业级数据实现深度融合。对于使用纸质地图、互联网、全球定位系统（Global Positioning System, GPS）或其他定位设备的公众而言，标准化数据格式可让用户稳定且可预期地识别特定步道及配套的核心信息集合。

如今，数字化步道数据已成为步道数据管理全生命周期的必备要素，覆盖从规划、设计、施工、运营直至维护的全部环节。通过这套广泛采用的标准实现步道数据的自动化处理、共享与复用，可带来诸多关键益处：
- 效率提升：打造并采集标准化且可直接复用的步道数据；
- 兼容性增强：整合来自单一项目或领域的数据，使其可兼容其他应用程序；
- 标准统一：采用统一标准，实现不同机构产出的步道数据无缝融合；
- 效率提速：减少重复工作、降低生产成本，加快数据交付周期——依托符合标准的现有数据，可更快速地开发具备更高互操作性的应用程序；
- 冲突消解：若遵循统一标准，可更轻松地解决步道数据之间的冲突问题；
- 可靠性提升：通过扩大发现并修正错误的人员范围，提升共享步道数据的质量；
- 复用性增强：实现跨机构的最大化数据复用，同时契合电子政务（EGovernment, E-Gov）计划及企业架构的建设目标。

IRMA数据存储参考