STEP Skills Measurement Employer Survey 2013 (Wave 2) - Armenia

Abstract
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The STEP (Skills Toward Employment and Productivity) Measurement program is the first ever initiative to generate internationally comparable data on skills available in developing countries. The program implements standardized surveys to gather information on the supply and distribution of skills and the demand for skills in labor market of low-income countries.

The uniquely designed modules in the Employer Survey aim to assess the structure of the labor force; the skills (cognitive skills, behavior and personality traits, and job-relevant skills) currently being used; the skills that employers look for when hiring new workers; the propensity of firms to provide training (including satisfaction with education, training, and levels of specific skills) and the link between skills and compensation and promotion. The survey also captures background characteristics (size, legal form, industry, full time vs. non-standard employment and occupational breakdown), performance (revenues, wages and other costs, profits and scope of market), key labor market challenges and their ranking relative to other challenges, and job skill requirements of the firms being interviewed.

The questionnaire can be adapted to address a sample of firms in both informal and formal sectors, with varying sizes and industry classifications.

Geographic coverage
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Capital Yerevan and other urban areas

Analysis unit
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The units of analysis are establishments and workplaces – a single location at which one or more employees work. The larger legal entity may include multiple establishments.

Universe
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The universe of the study are non-government businesses registered with Armenia Social Security State Agency from 2012, with at least five employees in the following sectors: food processing, fishing, mining, manufacturing, electricity, gas and waterworks, construction, wholesale, retail trade, repair of motor vehicles, motorcycle and household goods, hotels and restaurants, transportation, financial services, real estate.

Kind of data
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Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure
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The sampling objective of the survey was to obtain interviews from 400 non-government enterprise workplaces in the capital and urban regions of Armenia. Firms with less than five employees were excluded from the target population.

Two-stage stratified random sampling was used in the survey. A list of businesses registered with Armenia Social Security State Agency from 2012 served as the sampling frame.

Detailed information about sampling is available in Armenia Employer Survey Design Planning Report and Armenia Employer Survey Weighting Procedure, provided as external resources.

Mode of data collection
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Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument
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STEP Employer Survey Questionnaire has five sections:
Section 1 - Work Force
Section 2 - Skills Used
Section 3 - Hiring Practices
Section 4 -Training and Compensation
Section 5 - Background

In Armenia, the questionnaire was adapted to the Armenian context and published in English and Armenian.

Cleaning operations
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STEP Data Management Process:

1) Raw data is sent by the survey firm.

2) The World Bank (WB) STEP team runs data checks on the Questionnaire data. Comments and questions are sent back to the survey firm.

3) The survey firm reviews comments and questions. When a data entry error is identified, the survey firm corrects the data.

4) The WB STEP team again check to make sure the data files are clean. This might require additional iterations with the survey firm.

5) Once the data has been checked and cleaned, the WB STEP team computes the weights. Weights are computed by the STEP team to ensure consistency across sampling methodologies.

Response rate
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An overall response rate of 36% was achieved in Armenia STEP Survey. Detailed distribution of responses by stratum can be found in Armenia Employer Survey Weighting Procedure (Table 4), available as an external resource.

{'Abstract': '摘要——

STEP（就业与生产力技能测量）项目是首个旨在生成发展中国家技能可比数据的国际性倡议。该项目通过实施标准化调查，收集低收入国家技能供应与分配以及劳动力市场对技能需求的信息。

在雇主调查中，独特设计的模块旨在评估劳动力结构；目前使用的技能（认知技能、行为和人格特质，以及与工作相关的技能）；雇主在招聘新员工时寻求的技能；企业提供培训的倾向（包括对教育、培训以及特定技能水平的满意度）以及技能与薪酬和晋升之间的联系。调查还捕捉了背景特征（规模、法律形式、行业、全职与非标准就业以及职业构成），绩效（收入、工资及其他成本、利润和市场范围），关键劳动力市场挑战及其与其他挑战的相对排名，以及受访企业的职位技能要求。

问卷可适应于涵盖正式和非正式部门不同规模和行业分类的企业样本。

地理覆盖范围——

首都叶里温和其他城市地区

分析单元——

分析单元为企业和工作场所——一个或多个员工工作的单一地点。较大的法律实体可能包含多个企业。

范围——

研究的范围是非政府企业，自2012年起在亚美尼亚社会保障国家机构注册，并在以下行业中至少有五名员工：食品加工、渔业、采矿、制造业、电力、燃气和水务、建筑、批发、零售贸易、汽车、摩托车和家庭用品维修、酒店和餐饮、交通、金融服务、房地产业。

数据类型——

样本调查数据 [ssd]

抽样程序——

调查的抽样目标是获取来自亚美尼亚首都和城市地区的400家非政府企业工作场所的访谈。员工人数少于五家的企业被排除在目标人群之外。

调查采用了两阶段分层随机抽样。自2012年起在亚美尼亚社会保障国家机构注册的企业名单作为抽样框架。

抽样详细信息的详细信息可在亚美尼亚雇主调查设计规划报告和亚美尼亚雇主调查加权程序中找到，作为外部资源。

数据收集方式——

面对面 [f2f]

研究工具——

STEP 雇主调查问卷包含五个部分：

第一部分 - 劳动力

第二部分 - 使用的技能

第三部分 - 招聘实践

第四部分 - 培训和薪酬

第五部分 - 背景

在亚美尼亚，问卷根据亚美尼亚背景进行了调整，并以英语和亚美尼亚语出版。

清洗操作——

STEP 数据管理流程：

1) 原始数据由调查公司发送。

2) 世界银行（WB）STEP 团队对问卷数据进行数据检查。将评论和问题发送回调查公司。

3) 调查公司审查评论和问题。当发现数据输入错误时，调查公司更正数据。

4) WB STEP 团队再次检查以确保数据文件清洁。这可能需要与调查公司进行额外的迭代。

5) 数据经过检查和清洗后，WB STEP 团队计算权重。权重由 STEP 团队计算以确保抽样方法的一致性。

回应率——

亚美尼亚 STEP 调查的整体回应率为36%。详细响应分布按层级的详细信息可在亚美尼亚雇主调查加权程序（表4）中找到，作为外部资源。'}