Table 1S. Overview of key insights from 145 full-text reviewed studies on integrated approaches in environmental science

The table provides a structured synthesis of 145 full-text peer-reviewed studies, organized around five columns: (1) reviewed study reference, (2) study objective, (3) methodological approaches and/or type of analysis, (4) key findings, and (5) limitations, challenges, and strategies toward an integrated approach in environmental science. The studies were selected based on the presence of integration-related keywords in their titles and cover the period 2005–2024. This table served as the primary coding source for the IESF component analysis (Inputs, Processes, Outputs, Feedback) reported in the manuscript.