TNF-α production by EBV-encoded dUTPase-containing exosomes in hDCs and PBMCs is TLR2-mediated.

ahDCs and PBMCs were pre-incubated with anti-TLR2 or isotype control Abs (10 µg/ml) for 1 h and subsequently treated with equal amounts of either intact or lysed exosomes from chemically induced Raji cells, Pam3csk4 (0.1 µg/ml) or left untreated, as described in Materials and Methods. After 24 h, culture supernatants were collected and analyzed for TNF-α levels using the MSD human cytokine tissue culture kit. Data represents means ± SD of an n of 4. *p<0.05, **p<0.01.