Escalation to high dose opioid therapy among men and women^a.

a Follow up censored at 2 years b Hazard ratios presented for men, with women as reference group c Adjusted for patient age, history of alcohol abuse or alcohol-related comorbidity, previous SSRI use, previous other antidepressant use, previous benzodiazepine use, previous antipsychotic use, previous use of other CNS depressants, and Charlson score d Adjusted for median number of distinct non-opioid drugs used in past 6 months Escalation to high dose opioid therapy among men and womena.