ESA Sea Surface Temperature Climate Change Initiative (SST_cci): Level 4 Analysis product, version 3.0

This dataset provides daily-mean sea surface temperatures (SST), presented on global 0.05° latitude-longitude grid, spanning 1980 to present. This is a Level 4 product, with gaps between available daily observations filled by statistical means.

The SST CCI Analysis product contains estimates of daily mean SST and sea ice concentration. Each SST value has an associated uncertainty estimate.

The dataset has been produced as part of the version 3 Climate Data Record (CDR) produced by the European Space Agency (ESA) Climate Change Initiative Sea Surface Temperature project (ESA SST_cci). The CDR accurately maps the surface temperature of the global oceans over the period 1980 to 2021 using observations from many satellites, with a high degree of independence from in situ measurements. The data provide independently quantified SSTs to a quality suitable for climate research.

Data from 2022 onwards are provided as an Interim Climate Data Record (ICDR) and will be updated daily at one month behind present. The Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) funded the development of the ICDR extension and production of the ICDR during 2022. From 2023 onwards the production of the ICDR is funded by the UK Earth Observation Climate Information Service (EOCIS) and Marine and Climate Advisory Service (MCAS).

This CDR Version 3.0 product supersedes the CDR v2.1 product. Compared to the previous version the major changes are:

* Longer time series: 1980 to 2021 (previous CDR was Sept 1981 to 2016)

* Improved retrieval to reduce systematic biases using bias-aware optimal methods (for single view sensors)

* Improved retrieval with respect to desert-dust aerosols

* Addition of dual-view SLSTR data from 2016 onwards

* Addition of early AVHRR/1 data in 1980s, and improved AVHRR processing to reduce data gaps in 1980s

* Use of full-resolution MetOp AVHRR data (previously used ‘global area coverage’ Level 1 data)

* Inclusion of L2P passive microwave AMSR data

Data are made freely and openly available under a Creative Commons License by Attribution (CC By 4.0) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

When citing this dataset please also cite the associated data paper:

Embury, O., Merchant, C.J., Good, S.A., Rayner, N.A., Høyer, J.L., Atkinson, C., Block, T., Alerskans, E., Pearson, K.J., Worsfold, M., McCarroll, N., Donlon, C. Satellite-based time-series of sea-surface temperature since 1980 for climate applications. Scientific Data 11, 326 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-024-03147-w

本数据集提供全球0.05°经纬网格下的逐日平均海表面温度（Sea Surface Temperature, SST），时间跨度为1980年至今。该数据集属于四级产品（Level 4 product），通过统计方法填补了每日有效观测数据中的空白。

本SST CCI分析产品包含逐日平均海表面温度与海冰浓度的估算结果，每一项海表面温度数值均附带对应的不确定性估计。

本数据集是欧洲空间局（European Space Agency, ESA）气候变化倡议海表面温度项目（ESA SST_cci）所产出的第三版气候数据记录（Climate Data Record, CDR）的组成部分。该CDR依托多颗卫星的观测数据，高度独立于原位测量手段，精准绘制了1980年至2021年全球海洋表面温度的分布情况，所提供的海表面温度经独立量化，质量满足气候研究的需求。

2022年及以后的数据以临时气候数据记录（Interim Climate Data Record, ICDR）形式提供，更新频率为每日，滞后当前时间一个月。2022年期间，哥白尼气候变化服务（Copernicus Climate Change Service, C3S）为ICDR的扩展开发与产品制作提供了资助。2023年起，ICDR的制作由英国地球观测气候信息服务（UK Earth Observation Climate Information Service, EOCIS）与海洋与气候咨询服务（Marine and Climate Advisory Service, MCAS）共同资助。

本CDR 3.0版产品取代了此前的CDR v2.1版产品。相较于前一版本，主要更新如下：
* 时间序列更长：覆盖1980年至2021年（此前的CDR时间跨度为1981年9月至2016年）
* 采用偏差感知最优方法（针对单视角传感器）优化反演流程，以降低系统偏差
* 针对沙尘气溶胶优化了反演算法
* 新增2016年起的双视角SLSTR（Sea and Land Surface Temperature Radiometer, SLSTR）数据
* 新增20世纪80年代的早期先进甚高分辨率辐射计（Advanced Very-High-Resolution Radiometer, AVHRR）/1数据，并优化了AVHRR数据处理流程，以减少80年代的数据空白
* 采用全分辨率MetOp AVHRR数据（此前仅使用"全球区域覆盖"一级数据（Level 1 data））
* 新增L2P级被动微波高级微波扫描辐射计（Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer, AMSR）数据

本数据集以署名4.0国际知识共享协议（CC BY 4.0，https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/）的形式免费开放获取。

引用本数据集时，请同时引用相关数据论文：
Embury, O., Merchant, C.J., Good, S.A., Rayner, N.A., Høyer, J.L., Atkinson, C., Block, T., Alerskans, E., Pearson, K.J., Worsfold, M., McCarroll, N., Donlon, C. 《用于气候应用的1980年以来卫星海表面温度时间序列》，发表于*Scientific Data* 11, 326 (2024)，DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-024-03147-w

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集提供全球日平均海面温度（SST），基于0.05°经纬度网格，覆盖1980年至今，通过统计方法填补观测间隙，确保数据连续性。作为Level 4分析产品，它包含SST和海冰浓度估计值，每个值都有不确定性估计，适用于气候研究，并持续更新至最新数据。与之前版本相比，时间序列延长、偏差减少、传感器数据增加，提高了数据质量和适用性。