Severity-adjusted* average relative effect of vitamin D concentration across 11 cardiac morbidities among 426 cardiac surgical patients.

*Weights were determined as the median score for that morbidity (from 1 to 100, 100 being most severe) scored by nine independent anesthesiologists who were otherwise not involved in this study (appendix S2).¶Potential confounders: age, gender, race, body mass index, smoking status, dialysis, and ethanol alcohol (ETOH).§Mediator variables: congestive heart failure, hypertension, vascular surgery dilatations, vascular heart disease, carotid surgery, carotid disease, stroke, atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, ventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation, junctional, and myocardial infarction.#Odds ratio for a 5-unit increase in vitamin D concentration.