aggression by mares during suckling; data collected in the field; Microsoft Excel; MareCat.=mare category; FoalCat=foal category; TOD=time of day; em=early morning; lm=late morning; ea=early afternoon
Maternal behavior in the hours after lambing is critical for establishing the lamb–dam bond. In rodents, early-life pain alters maternal behavior, but it is unclear whether routine painful procedure
ABSTRACT The objectives of this study were to propose behavioral-based definitions for the adjectives used in an observer rating method, and to use this approach to characterize temperament over time
