Characteristics of included studies and quality assessment.

R = retrospective; RP = retrospective analysis, prospective data collecting; PN = prospective non-randomized design; NIS = USA national inpatient sample; NA = not available. *Matching: 1 = age; 2 = gender; 3 = body mass index; 4 = American Society of Anesthesiologists score; 5 = tumor laterality; 6 = tumor size; 7 = nephrometry score (RENAL or PADUA); 8 = pre-op eGFR; 9 = single surgeon. #Mean or median. §using modified Newcastle-Uttawa Scale (NOS) [19], [20].