Simulation of the GrIS deglaciation

Simulation of the Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) through the last deglaciation with the Yelmo model (v1.801) at 8 km resolution and 6 vertical layers. Run in the HPC-system Levante of the DKRZ. Model Information and set-up The simulation was performed using the Yelmo ice-sheet model: Yelmo (ice-sheet model): https://github.com/palma-ice/yelmo (version v1.801) YelmoX (coupler): https://github.com/palma-ice/yelmox (version v1.801) For basal friction, the simulation employs the regularized Coulomb friction law (Joughin et al., 2019). Basal friction is reduced in the northeastern basin in order to represent the NEGIS following Tabone et al. (2024). Effective pressure is calculated following Bueler and van Pelt (2015). Calving is parameterized using the von Mises stress criterion following Lipscomb et al. (2019). Climate Forcing Surface melting is calculated using an ITM scheme (Robinson et al., 2014) and basal melting is calculated using a linear parameterization (Tabone et al., 2018,, 2024). Regarding the forcing: Reference climate: The 1981–2010 mean from Box (2013). Atmospheric temperatures: Monthly values from Buizert et al. (2018) with a topographic correction. Precipitation: The high precipitation scenario from Badgeley et al. (2020) with a topographic correction. Ocean temperatures: From TraCE-21ka and averaged at 300–350 m depth, with a uniform correction applied in the northeastern basin as described in detail in Tabone et al. (2024). Files provided yelmo_Greenland_ngrip_8km_restart.nml: The namelist configuration file containing the parameters used for this simulation. yelmo2D.nc: NetCDF file containing the 2D and 3D spatio-temporal output of the model. Data Variables The yelmo2D.nc file contains the following dimensions and variables: Variable Long Name Units xc, yc Projection x and y coordinates km lon2D, lat2D Geographic longitude and latitude degrees time Simulation time (years before present) years z_bed Bedrock elevation m z_srf Surface elevation m H_ice Ice thickness m mask_bed Bed mask - mask_ocn Ocean mask (0:land, 1:grline, 2:fltline, 3:open, 4:deep, 5:lakes) - uxy_s Surface velocity magnitude m/a uxy_bar Vertically-averaged velocity magnitude m/a uxy_b Basal sliding velocity magnitude m/a smb Surface mass balance m/a ice equiv. bmb Basal mass balance m/a ice equiv. calv Calving rate m/a ice equiv. T_srf Surface temperature K T_ice Ice temperature (3D) K ux, uy, uz Velocity components (x, y, z) m/a f_grnd Grounded fraction 1 z_sl Sea level relative to present m dzbdt Bedrock uplift rate m/a Ta_ann Near-surface air temperature (annual mean) K Pr_ann Precipitation (annual mean) m/a water equiv. Q_geo Geothermal heat flux mW/m^2