Seawater carbonate chemistry and shell mineralogy, epibiont abundance, and growth of juvenile American lobster Homarus americanus

We examined the combined effects of ocean warming and acidification on shell mineralogy, epibiont abundance, and growth in early benthic juveniles of American lobster Homarus americanus H. Milne Edwards, 1837 (Decapoda: Astacidea: Nephropidae), a commercially important species. Lobsters were grown under six different temperature/pCO2 treatment conditions over 52 days (three replicates per treatment) aligned with environmentally relevant as well as predicted future extremes.