一种黄土区大型露天煤矿排土场地形地貌优化方法

本发明涉及一种黄土区大型露天煤矿排土场地形地貌优化方法，包括：“松软基地清除”，“基地沟壑充填”，“光滑基底爆破处理”，“基底设桩抗滑”，“扇形排弃分层压实”等步骤。本发明基于仿照黄土区百万年前原有的“塬”地貌，改变黄土高原水土流失区传统的坡耕地人工机修梯田的模式，借助采矿移动岩土的便利条件，以大范围土方调配构造流域地貌来统筹水文形态，以微地形改造减少地表径流的产生，在确保排土场稳定性的前提下，使黄土区大型露天煤矿排土场的地貌恢复为塬地貌，为生态系统的恢复和生物多样性打下基础。This invention proposes a topographic optimization method for waste dumps of large open-pit coal mines in the Loess region. The method comprises the following steps: removal of soft foundation, gully filling of the foundation, blasting treatment to smooth the foundation, pile installation for anti-slip stability of the foundation, and fan-shaped dumping with layered compaction, among others. This invention is modeled after the original "Yuan" landform that formed millions of years ago in the Loess region, breaking away from the traditional pattern of manually and machine-repaired terraces on sloping farmlands in the soil erosion zones of the Loess Plateau. By utilizing the favorable conditions for moving rock and soil during mining operations, large-scale earthwork allocation is implemented to construct watershed landforms and regulate hydrological conditions, while micro-topography modification is conducted to reduce surface runoff generation. On the basis of ensuring the stability of the waste dumps, this method restores the topography of the waste dumps of large open-pit coal mines in the Loess region to the "Yuan" landform, thereby laying a solid foundation for ecosystem restoration and biodiversity conservation.

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集涉及一种针对黄土区大型露天煤矿排土场的地形地貌优化方法，通过包括松软基地清除、沟壑充填等步骤，仿照原有'塬'地貌进行改造。该方法旨在以土方调配统筹水文形态，减少地表径流，在保障排土场稳定的同时促进生态系统恢复。