滨海滩涂互花米草治理及其红树林恢复技术研究

本项目针对外来物种互花米草在滨海滩涂上的大面积入侵和红树林面积缩小功能退化的现状，主要开展了互花米草治理技术及治理迹地上红树林恢复技术等方面的研究： 1、通过研究不同时期刈割互花米草对互花米草的生长、生物量及一系列生理指标产生的影响，明确对互花米草进行刈割的最佳时机。 2、经过近3 年时间的互花米草治理试验，提出用“刈割加旋耕”法治理互花米草的技术体系，该法治理互花米草不仅效果好，成本低，操作简单，易于掌握，有较好的推广应用价值，而且可起到改善治理迹地土壤理化性状的作用，为红树林恢复造林和滩涂再利用创造了条件。 3、对泉州湾河口湿地退化成因进行了研究分析，开展了泉州湾河口湿地滩涂立地类型划分，为红树林的恢复奠定基础。 4、开展了互花米草治理迹地上红树林恢复造林试验，提出了相应的技术体系。 5、对福建省的低质低效红树林进行类型划分，并有针对性地提出了各类低质低效红树林的改造技术体系。 通过长期研究，总结出“刈割加旋耕法”治理互花米草新技术，该技术效果好，成本低，操作简单，易于掌握和推广应用，提出“统筹规划、治理一片、利用一片、巩固一片”的互花米草治理新理念 开展了互花米草治理滩涂上红树林恢复造林试验，提出治理后滩涂红树林恢复的技术体系 对福建省红树林滩涂进行了立地划分，强调红树林恢复造林时坚持适地适树原则 另外，对福建省现有低质低效红树林进行了类型划分，并提出了改造技术体系。

This project targets the widespread invasion of the exotic species Spartina alterniflora in coastal tidal flats and the current situation of mangrove area shrinkage and functional degradation, and mainly carries out research on Spartina alterniflora control technologies and mangrove restoration technologies on the treated sites:
1. By studying the impacts of mowing Spartina alterniflora at different stages on its growth, biomass and a series of physiological indexes, the optimal timing for mowing Spartina alterniflora is confirmed.
2. After nearly 3 years of Spartina alterniflora control experiments, a technical system for controlling Spartina alterniflora using the "mowing plus rotary tillage" method is proposed. This method not only exhibits excellent control effect, low cost, simple operation, easy mastery and high popularization and application value, but also improves the physical and chemical properties of the soil in the treated sites, creating favorable conditions for mangrove afforestation and reutilization of tidal flats.
3. The degradation causes of the Quanzhou Bay Estuarine Wetland are studied and analyzed, and the site type classification of tidal flats in the Quanzhou Bay Estuarine Wetland is carried out, laying a solid foundation for mangrove restoration.
4. Mangrove restoration afforestation experiments are conducted on the Spartina alterniflora-controlled sites, and the corresponding technical system is proposed.
5. The low-quality and low-efficiency mangroves in Fujian Province are classified, and targeted transformation technical systems for each type of low-quality and low-efficiency mangroves are proposed.
Through long-term research, a new Spartina alterniflora control technology, namely the "mowing plus rotary tillage method", is summarized. This technology features excellent effect, low cost, simple operation, easy mastery and wide popularization and application prospects. A new concept for Spartina alterniflora control is proposed: "overall planning, treating one area, utilizing one area, consolidating one area". Mangrove restoration afforestation experiments are carried out on tidal flats after Spartina alterniflora control, and the technical system for mangrove restoration on the treated tidal flats is proposed. Site classification of mangrove tidal flats in Fujian Province is conducted, and the principle of "adapting tree species to suitable sites" is emphasized during mangrove afforestation. In addition, the existing low-quality and low-efficiency mangroves in Fujian Province are classified, and the transformation technical system is proposed.

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集聚焦于滨海滩涂生态修复，针对外来物种互花米草入侵和红树林退化问题，系统研究了互花米草治理技术（如'刈割加旋耕'法）和红树林恢复技术（包括立地划分和造林试验）。数据集总结了治理新理念和改造技术体系，旨在提供低成本、易推广的生态恢复方案，数据来源于2009年的研究项目，属于植物学领域的公开科学数据。