Soil organic carbon fraction and environmental dataset from dry-hot valley reservoir-bank landscapes

This dataset contains soil physicochemical properties, soil organic carbon fractions, microbial biomass, and biochemical indicators collected from fixed reservoir-bank sampling sites in the Wudongde and Baihetan cascade reservoirs, southwest China. The dataset includes measurements from 28 fixed sites sampled during dry-state (2023) and wet-state (2024) campaigns. Variables include soil moisture, soil properties, soil organic carbon fractions, dissolved organic carbon, particulate organic carbon, <53-μm fine-fraction organic carbon, silt-clay-associated carbon, microbial biomass indicators, and potential extracellular enzyme activities. The dataset supports the manuscript entitled "Hydrological heterogeneity and landscape position regulates soil organic carbon fraction organization in dry-hot valley reservoir-bank landscapes" submitted to Catena.