XDB31040103-高原环境对水生植物克隆多样性的影响

克隆繁殖是水生植物的重要特征，有性繁殖和无性繁殖的平衡受环境影响。我们对高海拔等次优条件下水生植物的克隆多样性知之甚少，这对于理解环境梯度对淡水物种的影响非常重要。我们分析了四种水生类群在青藏高原上的克隆和遗传多样性并识别了显著影响克隆多样性的环境因素。克隆多样性从高到低依次为Stuckenia filiformis,Hippuris vulgaris, Myriophyllum species , Batrachium species。除H. vulgaris外，所有类群的克隆多样性与遗传多样性正相关。S. filiformis的克隆多样性受气候影响，H. vulgaris受当地环境影响。低海拔和高沉积物营养对Myriophyllum属的有性繁殖有促进作用，而环境对Batrachium克隆多样性的影响不显著。结果显示，繁殖系统和环境因素对高原水生植物克隆变异模式影响显著，海拔、气候和当地条件在不同类群中起不同作用。

Clonal propagation is a critical trait of aquatic plants, and the balance between sexual and asexual reproduction is modulated by environmental conditions. Our understanding of clonal diversity in aquatic plants under suboptimal environments such as high altitudes remains limited, yet this knowledge is pivotal for elucidating the impacts of environmental gradients on freshwater species. We analyzed clonal and genetic diversity of four aquatic taxa across the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, and identified environmental factors that significantly shape clonal diversity. The clonal diversity ranks from high to low as follows: *Stuckenia filiformis*, *Hippuris vulgaris*, *Myriophyllum* species, and *Batrachium* species. Clonal diversity was positively correlated with genetic diversity across all taxa except *H. vulgaris*. Clonal diversity of *S. filiformis* is driven by climatic factors, while that of *H. vulgaris* is influenced by local environmental conditions. Low altitude and high sediment nutrient levels promote sexual reproduction in *Myriophyllum*, whereas the effects of environmental factors on clonal diversity of *Batrachium* are not statistically significant. The results demonstrate that reproductive systems and environmental factors significantly shape the patterns of clonal variation in plateau aquatic plants, with altitude, climate and local conditions exerting disparate effects across different taxa.