中国均一化（1961-2024）及全球格点蒸散数据集（1982-2024）

1）本研究提供了 3 套空间分辨率为 0.1° 的日尺度蒸散数据集，变量包括潜在蒸散、蒸散、蒸腾、土壤蒸发、截留、升华、水体蒸发和积雪覆盖度。第一套为 1961–2024 年由中国均一化网格气候数据集（HCD01）驱动的中国区域蒸散数据。HCD01 融合了中国国家级气象站气候观测并经过均一化处理，自 1961 年以来背景台站数量稳定在 2000 个以上，数据质量较高。第二套为 1982–2024 年由 ERA5-Land 驱动、并以多源加权集合降水产品 MSWEP 替代降水输入的全球蒸散数据，该时段对应全球植被遥感和卫星降水资料可用时期。第三套为 2000–2020 年考虑大气 CO₂ 浓度上升影响的中国蒸散数据，该时段也是植被遥感数据（LAI、VCF）与大气 CO₂ 数据的重合时期。2）上述数据集均由物候和积雪彭曼蒸散模型（PSP）生成。该模型考虑了年内物候变化、积雪覆盖变化以及 CO₂ 上升对气孔导度的影响，为蒸散总量及其组分估计提供了更可靠的参数化方案。输入数据中的 HCD01 来自国家青藏高原科学数据中心（https://doi.org/10.11888/Atmos.tpdc.302712）。3）模型已在站点和流域尺度开展验证。结果表明，引入物候和积雪模块后，模拟结果与观测更加一致。4）总体而言，PSP 模型具有更完整的过程表征，其性能已通过站点和流域观测验证。HCD01 结合了中国区域台站观测与再分析资料物理一致性的优势，为蒸散估计提供了更可靠的气象输入数据，可为生态水文、干旱和气候变化研究提供数据支撑。

1) This study presents three sets of daily-scale evapotranspiration datasets with a spatial resolution of 0.1°, covering variables including potential evapotranspiration, total evapotranspiration, transpiration, soil evaporation, interception, sublimation, water body evaporation, and snow cover fraction. The first set is regional evapotranspiration data over China spanning 1961–2024, driven by the China Homogenized Gridded Climate Dataset (HCD01). HCD01 integrates climate observations from China’s national meteorological stations and has undergone homogenization processing; the number of included stations has remained above 2000 since 1961, ensuring high data quality. The second set is global evapotranspiration data covering 1982–2024, driven by ERA5-Land and using the multi-source weighted-ensemble precipitation product MSWEP to replace precipitation inputs. This time period corresponds to the era when global vegetation remote sensing and satellite precipitation data are available. The third set is China’s evapotranspiration data spanning 2000–2020 that considers the impact of rising atmospheric CO₂ concentrations; this period also overlaps with the availability of vegetation remote sensing data (LAI, VCF) and atmospheric CO₂ observations.
2) All aforementioned datasets are generated using the Phenology and Snow Penman Evapotranspiration (PSP) model. This model accounts for intra-annual phenological variations, snow cover dynamics, and the effects of rising CO₂ on stomatal conductance, providing a more reliable parametric scheme for estimating total evapotranspiration and its constituent components. The HCD01 input dataset is sourced from the National Tibetan Plateau Data Center (https://doi.org/10.11888/Atmos.tpdc.302712).
3) The model has been validated at both station and watershed scales. Validation results demonstrate that after incorporating the phenology and snow modules, the model simulations exhibit better agreement with in-situ observations.
4) Overall, the PSP model features more comprehensive process characterization, and its performance has been verified via both station and watershed observational datasets. HCD01 combines the physical consistency advantages of China’s regional in-situ station observations and reanalysis data, providing more reliable meteorological input data for evapotranspiration estimation. This dataset can offer valuable data support for research in ecohydrology, drought studies, and climate change.

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集包含中国区域（1961-2024）和全球范围（1982-2024）的蒸散数据，提供多种蒸散变量，数据质量高且经过验证，适用于生态水文、干旱和气候研究。