Effects of biochar combined with organic fertilizer on growth of winter wheat-summer maize, physicochemical properties and microbial diversity of sandy tidal soil

After biochar combined with organic fertilizer, the relative abundance of symbiotic bacteria such as Proteobacteria and actinomycetes increased, while the relative abundance of oligotrophic bacteria such as Acidobacteria and chloromycetes decreased. It can be seen that the application of a high proportion of organic fertilizer provided a large number of active carbon sources, which was conducive to driving the transformation of microorganisms from oligotrophic to cotrophic.