Operation Modes of an Optically Pumped 6H-SiC Quantum Magnetometer

Magnetometry is an important tool for a multitude of remote sensing applications, for planetary science, Earth science, and Heliophysics as well as applications like GPS-denied navigation, geological surveying as well as many others. This study showsthe performance comparison of different operational modes of a magnetic field cancellation-based solid-state magnetometer, leveraging the optically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR) of spinsensitive quantum centers in 6H silicon carbide (6H-SiC). These three potential operational modes—zero field splitting (ZFS), levelanti-crossing (LAC) 1 and LAC 2—are studied and set in context to science requirements. ZFS mode offers signal enhancement without bias fields, while LAC-focused operation is power-efficient, which makes it especially interesting for space applications. This research highlights the advantage of using 6H-SiC over other solid state materials due to the modest compensation field requirements. Additionally, we show promising sensor head miniaturization, demonstrating feasibility for accurate measurements. Integrating a compact fiber-based system with a 3-axis Helmholtz coil framework holds promise for practical applications, improving spatial distribution and sensing versatility. This research provides details for a cancellation mode ODMR magnetometer and its potential applications, particularly in fields such as space exploration and compact sensors requiring precise measurements of the ambient magnetic field magnitude and orientation.