Raw Ground Survey Total Magnetic Intensity Data from the North Abaya Geothermal Field, Southern Central Main Ethiopian Rift, for 'Tectonic Inheritance and Adiabatic Fluid Ascent in North Abaya: Mapping High-Potential Geothermal Reservoirs Using Magnetic and Hydrogeochemical Data '

1. Dataset Description 3.1 Overview This dataset contains raw ground-based total magnetic intensity (TMI) measurements collected during a systematic geophysical field survey of the North Abaya geothermal area in the Main Ethiopian Rift (MER), Ethiopia. The survey was designed to characterize the structural controls on geothermal fluid circulation and to delineate subsurface geological features including faults, intrusive bodies, and hydrothermal alteration zones that govern reservoir potential in the region. The data are provided in their raw, unprocessed form as recorded in the field, without the application of diurnal corrections, reduction to the pole (RTP), or other geophysical data enhancements. This ensures full reproducibility and allows end users to apply processing workflows appropriate to their analytical objectives. 1.1 Survey Area and Geological Setting The survey area is located in the North Abaya segment of the Ethiopian Rift Valley, a tectonically active extensional basin associated with the East African Rift System (EARS). The region is characterized by Quaternary volcanism, rift-bounding normal faults, and hydrothermal surface manifestations including hot springs and fumaroles. Coordinates span approximately 37°02′ to 39°10′ E longitude and 6°40′ to 6°44′ N latitude, at elevations ranging from approximately 1,160 m to 1,900 m above sea level. 1.2 Data Acquisition Ground magnetic measurements were acquired using a portable proton precession or fluxgate magnetometer along systematically traversed survey lines. A total of 192 observation stations were recorded. At each station, the following parameters were logged: • Geographic coordinates: Easting (longitude, DMS format) and Northing (latitude, DMS format) • Elevation (meters above sea level) • Total magnetic intensity reading (nanoTesla, nT) • Local acquisition time: hour and minute of measurement Magnetic readings range from approximately 34,099 nT to 35,370 nT, consistent with the regional geomagnetic field intensity of the Ethiopian Rift. Temporal records (hour and minute) are included to facilitate diurnal drift corrections during postprocessing.