Marlborough Fault System, South Island, New Zealand

Collaborative Research: Towards an Understanding of the Collective Behavior of Regional Fault Networks: The Marlborough Fault System, New Zealand (James F. Dolan, PI, University of Southern California). This project was a collaborative effort between PI Dolan (USC) and co-I Ed Rhodes (UCLA) and New Zealand collaborators Russ Van Dissen and Rob Langridge of GNS Science. The survey area consists of a total of 254 km of fault-parallel, predominantly ~1.2-km-wide swaths along parts of the four main right-lateral strike-slip faults that comprise the Marlborough Fault System, in the northwestern portion of New Zealand's South Island. The five fault segments surveyed include sections of the eastern and western parts of the Clarence fault, the central part of the Awatere fault, the central part of the Wairau fault, and part of the eastern (Conway) segment of the Hope fault. These lidar data facilitated detailed analysis of fault offsets along the four main MFS faults, as well as mapping of small displacements that have occurred in recent earthquakes on Marlborough faults in unprecedented detail, the geomorphic development and evolution of fluvial terraces crossing these faults, and the progressive geomorphic manifestation of off-fault deformation with increasing fault displacement. The data were analyzed by the PIs, our New Zealand collaborators, and three graduate students at USC (Robert Zinke, Alexandra Hatem, and Jessica Grenader), and one graduate student at UCLA (Chris McGuire [supervised by Co-I Ed Rhodes]); their results will form major parts of their graduate theses. The lidar data were collected by U.S. National Center for Airborne Laser Mapping (NCALM) personnel using an aircraft and flight personnel subcontracted from New Zealand Aerial Mapping. The data were collected with a combination of NCALM's Optech GEMINI sensor (operated at a laser pulse frequency of 125 kHz in multi-pulse mode, at a nominal height above ground of 1400 m) and NZAM's Optech 3100A sensor (operated at a laser pulse frequency of 70-100 kHz at various heights depending on terrain). Shot density is &ge; 12 shots/m². The lidar data were utilized in our studies of the incremental slip-rate record of the four main Marlborough faults. The lidar data also provided a means of mapping small displacements that have occurred in recent earthquakes on Marlborough faults in unprecedented detail, the sedimentological development and geomorphic evolution of fluvial terraces crossing these faults, and the progressive geomorphic manifestation of off-fault deformation with increasing fault displacement (see Zinke et al., 2015 Geology for a discussion of this latter topic [doi:10.1130/G37065.1]).<p><br>Publications associated with this dataset can be found at <a href="http://calm.geo.berkeley.edu/ncalm/dtc.html" target="_blank">NCALM's Data Tracking Center</a></p>

协同研究：探究区域断裂网络集体行为之理解——以新西兰马尔堡断裂系为例（詹姆斯·F·多兰，项目负责人，南加州大学）。本项目由项目负责人多兰（南加州大学）及其合作者、加州大学洛杉矶分校的Ed Rhodes共同发起，并与新西兰GNS科学研究所的Russ Van Dissen和Rob Langridge共同协作完成。研究区域覆盖了新西兰南岛西北部马尔堡断裂系中四条主要右旋走滑断裂的254公里断裂平行带，带宽主要约为1.2公里。调查的五条断裂段包括克拉伦斯断裂的东部和西部段落、阿瓦特雷断裂的中心部分、怀劳断裂的中心部分以及希望断裂东部（康韦）段落的某一部分。这些激光雷达数据促进了我们对四条主要马尔堡断裂的位移详细分析，以及马尔堡断裂上近期地震发生的小位移的精细测绘，跨越这些断裂的河流阶地的地貌发展和演化，以及随断裂位移增加而逐渐显现的离断变形的地质学表现。数据由项目负责人、新西兰合作者以及南加州大学的罗伯特·津克、亚历山德拉·哈特姆、杰西卡·格林纳德三位研究生和加州大学洛杉矶分校的克里斯·麦圭尔（由合作者Ed Rhodes指导）进行分析，他们的研究成果将成为其研究生论文的主要部分。激光雷达数据由美国国家空中激光测绘中心（NCALM）的员工使用一架飞机和从新西兰空中测绘公司分包的飞行人员进行收集。数据收集使用了NCALM的Optech GEMINI传感器（在多脉冲模式下以125 kHz的激光脉冲频率运行，在地面以上1400米的标准高度）和NZAM的Optech 3100A传感器（在70-100 kHz的激光脉冲频率下运行，高度根据地形变化），射击密度≥12次/平方米。激光雷达数据被用于我们研究四条主要马尔堡断裂的累积滑动速率记录。此外，这些数据还提供了前所未有的细致手段，用于测绘马尔堡断裂上近期地震发生的小位移，以及跨越这些断裂的河流阶地的沉积学发展和地貌演化，以及随断裂位移增加而逐渐显现的离断变形的地质学表现（参见Zinke等人，2015年《地质学》对后者的讨论[doi:10.1130/G37065.1]）。与该数据集相关的出版物可在以下链接找到：<a href="http://calm.geo.berkeley.edu/ncalm/dtc.html" target="_blank">NCALM数据跟踪中心</a>。