Human Capital, Institutional Quality, and Regional Income Dynamics: Evidence from Indonesia

Replication dataset and code for the manuscript “Human Capital, Institutional Quality, and Regional Income Dynamics: Evidence from Indonesia.” The dataset comprises a province-year panel of 34 Indonesian provinces observed annually from 2010 to 2024 (510 observations). The replication materials include the analysis dataset, variable documentation, and R code for two-step System GMM estimations with Windmeijer-corrected standard errors, alternative instrument specifications, Difference GMM robustness analysis, instrument-count diagnostics, conditional convergence calculations, and a territorial-boundary sensitivity analysis for North Kalimantan. Important documentation note: The institutional quality variable (INST) is a harmonized 0–100 composite index. The research materials currently available do not yet provide complete documentation of its component series, source-by-source provenance, normalization procedure, and weighting scheme. The repository should therefore be treated as a replication archive of the analysis dataset and code rather than as a fully independently reconstructable source-data package until this documentation is completed.