Comprehensive analysis of complete chloroplast genome sequence of <i>Plantago asiatica</i> L. (Plantaginaceae)
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<i>Plantago asiatica</i> L. is a representative individual species of Plantaginaceae, whose high reputation is owed to its edible and medicinal values. However, the phylogeny and genes of the <i>P. asiatica</i> chloroplast have not yet been well described. Here we report the findings of a comprehensive analysis of the <i>P. asiatica</i> chloroplast genome. The <i>P. asiatica</i> chloroplast genome is 164,992 bp, circular, and has a GC content of 37.98%. The circular genome contains 141 genes, including 8 rRNAs, 38 tRNAs, and 95 protein-coding genes. Seventy-two simple sequence repeats are detected. Comparative chloroplast genome analysis of six related species suggests that a higher similarity exists in the coding region than the non-coding region, and differences in the degree of preservation is smaller between <i>P. asiatica</i> and <i>Plantago depressa</i> than among others. Our phylogenetic analysis illustrates <i>P. asiatica</i> has a relatively close relationship with <i>P. depressa</i>, which was also divided into different clades with <i>Plantago ovata</i> and <i>Plantago lagopus</i> in the genus <i>Plantago</i>. This analysis of the <i>P. asiatica</i> chloroplast genome contributes to an improved deeply understanding of the evolutionary relationships among Plantaginaceae.
车前（Plantago asiatica L.）是车前科（Plantaginaceae）的代表性物种，其兼具食用与药用价值，因此广受认可。然而目前学界对车前的叶绿体基因组（chloroplast genome）及其系统发育的阐释仍不够充分。本研究报道了车前叶绿体基因组的综合分析结果。车前叶绿体基因组总长164992 bp，呈环状结构，GC含量为37.98%。该环状基因组共包含141个基因，其中包括8个核糖体RNA（rRNA）基因、38个转运RNA（tRNA）基因以及95个蛋白编码基因。共检测到72个简单序列重复（simple sequence repeats）。对6个近缘物种开展的叶绿体基因组比较分析显示，编码区的序列相似性高于非编码区；且车前与平车前（Plantago depressa）之间的序列保守程度差异，小于其与其他物种间的差异。系统发育分析结果表明，车前与平车前的亲缘关系相对较近；二者与卵叶车前（Plantago ovata）、长叶车前（Plantago lagopus）同归于车前属（Plantago）下的不同演化支。本研究对车前叶绿体基因组的分析，有助于深化学界对车前科植物演化关系的认知。
