Norma Gorman

Norma GormanTranslator and first wife of JJ's biographer, Herbert Sherman Gorman. Norma Jean Wright was born in Cleveland, Ohio. A journalist, she married Gorman in 1921 in New York, and with him edited The Peterborough Anthology (1923), selections from the MacDowell Colony poets. Her translation of Henri Cami's Le Fils des trois mousquetaires was published in 1930. Friendly with the Colums, she saw the Joyces frequently in Paris after 1930; JJ addressed a comic poem to her. The Gormans divorced in 1931 and, in 1939, she became the second wife of Carl Van Doren, whom she divorced in early 1945, dying herself later that year. John Simpson

诺玛·戈尔曼，JJ（杰克·凯鲁亚克）的传记作者赫伯特·谢尔曼·戈尔曼的妻子，亦为其首任。诺玛·简·赖特出生于俄亥俄州克利夫兰。作为一名记者，她于1921年在纽约与戈尔曼结婚，并与他共同编辑了《彼得伯勒文选》（1923年），收录了麦克道威尔殖民地诗人的作品。她翻译的亨利·卡米的作品《三个火枪手的儿子》于1930年出版。与科伦斯一家交好，她在1930年之后常在巴黎见到乔伊斯一家；JJ曾为她题写一首滑稽诗作。戈尔曼夫妇于1931年离婚，诺玛于1939年成为卡尔·范·多伦的第二任妻子，但她在1945年初与其离婚，并在同年晚些时候去世。约翰·辛普森