<b>Sexual pleasure or HIV prevention?: </b><b>A qualitative study of </b><b>male circumcision </b><b>in Zambia</b>

This study was conducted in Lusaka and Shibuyunji, Zambia. Lusaka is the Capital of Zambia while the latter is a rural district. The study employed a qualitative approach and participants were drawn from both urban and rural areas. This was to ensure a diverse range of opinions about VMMC. Men and women of reproductive age were purposively selected and recruited to participate in the study. They were approached at health facilities and in their communities. To identify and recruit circumcised men, snowball sampling was also used.In total, 30 in-depth interviews and two focus group interviews were conducted. Individual interviews were held with 10 women and 20 men. There was an equal distribution of each sex from the rural and urban areas. Two focus group interviews were conducted exclusively with men. In total, each focus group had 10 participants and only one focus group was conducted in the rural area and one in the urban area. The participants in the in-depth interviews did not participate in the group interviews.Ethical clearance was granted by the University of KwaZulu-Natal Humanities and Social Sciences Research Ethics Committee (HSSREC) and the University of Zambia Biomedical Research Ethics Committee (UNZA-BREC). Meanwhile the Zambia National Health Research Authority (NHRA) also authorised the study.The interview recordings were then transcribed verbatim by the first author, with translations effected where needed. Transcripts were imported into NVivo 12 Plus, and were then reviewed; themes were then identified after which codes were developed and the data was analyzed thematically.<br>本研究在赞比亚的卢萨卡（Lusaka）与希布云吉（Shibuyunji）两地开展。卢萨卡为赞比亚首都，而希布云吉则为乡村行政区。本研究采用质性研究方法，研究对象招募自城市与乡村区域，旨在收集关于自愿医疗男性包皮环切术（Voluntary Medical Male Circumcision, VMMC）的多元观点。本研究通过立意抽样法选取并招募育龄男女作为研究参与者，研究人员在医疗设施及社区内接触潜在参与者；为识别并招募已接受包皮环切术的男性，研究同时采用了滚雪球抽样法。本次研究共计开展30场深度访谈与2场焦点小组访谈，其中个体访谈对象包含10名女性与20名男性，男女研究对象均在城乡地区实现均衡分布。两场焦点小组访谈均仅面向男性开展，每场各有10名参与者，其中一场在乡村地区开展，另一场于城市地区开展。参与深度访谈的研究对象未参与焦点小组访谈。本研究已获得夸祖鲁-纳塔尔大学人文与社会科学研究伦理委员会（Humanities and Social Sciences Research Ethics Committee, HSSREC）以及赞比亚大学生物医学研究伦理委员会（University of Zambia Biomedical Research Ethics Committee, UNZA-BREC）的伦理审查批准，同时赞比亚国家卫生研究管理局（Zambia National Health Research Authority, NHRA）也对本研究予以授权。研究由第一作者对访谈录音进行逐字转录，必要时完成翻译；转录文本被导入NVivo 12 Plus软件进行审阅，随后识别研究主题、编制编码，并对数据开展主题分析。