1993-2018年中国主要农作物旱地1km逐日土壤水分数据集：玉米10-20cm

1993-2018年中国主要农作物旱地1km逐日土壤水分数据集（ChinaCropSM1 km）是基于大量田间观测样本模拟生产，通过搜集整理农业气象站长期观测的玉米和小麦旱田土壤水分观测记录，将全国划分为不同的农业研究区；然后，结合各农业种植区的不同作物类型（即小麦、玉米）的平均物候期和土层深度（0-10cm，10-20cm）对比相应的灌溉阈值设计了灌溉模块，从而作为土壤水分预测的灌溉因子；再利用各项气象要素、土壤特性、遥感信息、地理空间信息等环境要素构建随机森林模型，最终生成了ChinaCropSM1 km数据集。ChinaCropSM1 km 按作物类型（小麦、玉米）和土壤深度（0-10cm、10-20cm）分成四个子数据集，该部分为玉米10-20cm数据。

The 1-kilometer resolution daily soil moisture dataset for major upland crops in China during 1993–2018 (ChinaCropSM1 km) was simulated and generated based on extensive field observation samples. First, long-term soil moisture observation records of maize and wheat upland fields from agro-meteorological stations were collected and organized, and the entire country was divided into distinct agricultural research zones. Next, an irrigation module was developed by combining the average phenological periods and soil layer depths (0–10 cm, 10–20 cm) of different crop types (i.e., wheat and maize) in each agricultural planting zone with corresponding irrigation thresholds, which served as the irrigation factor for soil moisture prediction. Subsequently, a random forest model was constructed using various environmental factors including meteorological elements, soil properties, remote sensing information, and geospatial information, and the ChinaCropSM1 km dataset was finally generated. The ChinaCropSM1 km dataset is divided into four subsets based on crop type (wheat and maize) and soil layer depth (0–10 cm, 10–20 cm), and this portion corresponds to the data for maize at 10–20 cm soil depth.