Transcriptome analysis of interleukin-4 induced intestinal organoids from Japanese monkey

Several chemosensory cells exist throughout gastrointestinal tracts to sense nutrition and contaminants such as bacteria or parasites. Although rodent tissues are extensively used as a human gut model, recent studies show that the chemical sensing system in rodents differs from that in humans. Thus, experiments using rodents would not be the first choice. Nonhuman primates in biomedical research are valuable animal models to advance our understanding of biological responses in humans since availability of human tissues are limited. It has been reported that the 3D organoid culture produces functional gastrointestinal epithelial cells in vitro and can be generated from animal tissues. We have generated intestinal chemosensory cells from Japanese monkey using an organoid culture system. We could maintain monkey intestinal organoids in the proliferation medium for over one year. In this study, we aim to see changes in gene expression when monkey intestinal organoids were stimulated by interleukin (IL)-4. Previous studies revealed that these intestinal organoids express cytokine receptors such as IL-4R and response to IL-4 supplementation. We stimulated organoids with IL-4 for 72 hrs followed by total RNA purification and RNAs were subjected to transcriptome analysis Monkey organoids were cultured in differentiation induction (DI) medium with or without IL4.