补充资料包括：

This Supplementary Information package includes additional tables, figures, and extended methodological details supporting the article “Disruption of Gut Microbial Rhythmicity During Rectal Cancer Surgery and Its Physiologic Links to Inflammation, Metabolic Stress, and Recovery.”

The materials comprise expanded descriptions of analytical procedures, supplementary results, and sensitivity analyses that complement the methods and results presented in the main manuscript. All analyses reported here correspond to experiments and outcomes described in the primary text and are provided to enhance transparency, reproducibility, and interpretability.