Long-term physicochemical and biological dataset from Lake La Caldera, Spain

Description: This dataset provides a comprehensive long-term record of physicochemical, chemical, and biological variables from Lake La Caldera, an oligotrophic high-mountain lake located at over 3000 m a.s.l. in the Sierra Nevada glacial lake district of southern Spain. The dataset includes physicochemical parameters (temperature, Secchi disk transparency, light extinction coefficient, pH, conductivity, dissolved oxygen, etc.), chemical variables (nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations, major cations and anions, alkalinity, among others), and biological data (bacterial abundance, chlorophyll a, and phytoplankton and zooplankton species composition). These long-term observations offer valuable insights into the ecological dynamics and environmental changes occurring in this sensitive high-mountain ecosystem.