Summary of Pacific Salmon Escapement Goals in Alaska with a Review of Escapements from 2007 to 2015

This dataset is compiled from Tables 1-4 from the report "Summary of Pacific salmon escapement goals in Alaska with a review of escapements from 2007 to 2017." Escapement is defined as the number of mature salmon migrating from the marine environment to freshwater streams. Escapement data are the enumeration of these migrating fish as they pass upstream, and are a widely used index of spawning salmon abundance. These data are important for fisheries management, since most salmon harvest occurs in freshwater rivers during this migration. As a part of management of these salmon stocks, some Alaskan river systems are assigned escapement goals, which generally represent the number of salmon that need to be given the opportunity to spawn to ensure survival of the stock. Generally there are three common types of escapement goals. Biological Escapement Goals (BEGs) are defined in Alaska fishery regulations 5 AAC 39.222(f) as "the escapement that provides the greatest potential for maximum sustained yield." Sustainable Escapement Goals (SEGs) are defined in the same section as "a level of escapement, indicated by an index or an escapement estimate, that is known to provide for sustained yield over a 5 to 10 year period, used in situations where a BEG cannot be estimated or managed for." Optimal Escapement Goals (OEGs) are defined as "a specific management objective for salmon escapement that considers biological and allocative factors and may differ from the SEG or BEG."本数据集源自报告《阿拉斯加太平洋鲑鱼洄游产卵目标综述及2007-2017年洄游产卵量回顾》中的表1至表4。洄游产卵量（escapement）被定义为从海洋环境洄游至淡水溪流的成熟鲑鱼个体数量。洄游产卵量数据为该类洄游鱼类溯河而上时的计数结果，是衡量产卵鲑鱼种群丰度的通用指标。此类数据对渔业管理具有重要意义，因为多数鲑鱼捕捞活动均发生在该洄游阶段的淡水河流中。作为该类鲑鱼种群管理的组成部分，部分阿拉斯加河流系统被设定了洄游产卵目标，该目标通常代表为确保种群存续、需获得产卵机会的鲑鱼数量。目前常见的洄游产卵目标主要分为三类：生物洄游产卵目标（Biological Escapement Goals, BEGs）在阿拉斯加渔业条例5 AAC 39.222(f)中被定义为"可实现最大持续产量最大潜力的洄游产卵量"；可持续洄游产卵目标（Sustainable Escapement Goals, SEGs）在同一条例条款中被定义为"通过指标或洄游产卵量估算值表征、可在5至10年周期内保障持续产量的洄游产卵量水平，适用于无法估算或实施生物洄游产卵目标的场景"；最优洄游产卵目标（Optimal Escapement Goals, OEGs）则被定义为"兼顾生物学与分配因素的鲑鱼洄游产卵专项管理目标，可能与可持续洄游产卵目标或生物洄游产卵目标存在差异"。