ADVANTAGES AND CHALLENGES OF USING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE TECHNOLOGIES IN TEACHING PHYSICS

The rapid integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into education has opened new opportunities for transforming how physics is taught and learned. This article examines the pedagogical benefits and the accompanying difficulties of applying AI technologies in physics instruction. Drawing on recent developments in intelligent tutoring systems, adaptive learning platforms, virtual laboratories, and generative language models, the study argues that AI can substantially enhance the individualisation of learning, the visualisation of abstract phenomena, and the efficiency of assessment. At the same time, the analysis highlights persistent obstacles, including the risk of superficial understanding, unequal access to digital infrastructure, the reliability of AI-generated explanations, and the shifting role of the teacher. The paper concludes that AI is most productive when treated as a supporting instrument that augments rather than replaces the pedagogical judgement of the physics educator, and it outlines the conditions under which the technology can be introduced responsibly.