Economic Transformation Database of Transition Economies

The Economic Transformation Database of Transition Economies [ETD-TE] provides a balanced panel of internationally comparable sectoral data on output and employment in fourteen former-Soviet Republics. The ETD-TE is designed to easily combine with the <a href="https://www.rug.nl/ggdc/structuralchange/etd/" target="_blank">GGDC/UN-WIDER Economic Transformation Database [ETD]</a>. It enables a comparative analysis of growth and structural transformation between the former-Soviet Union countries, and other advanced and developing countries. More information about this data set can be found on the <a href="https://www.rug.nl/ggdc/structuralchange/ETD-Transition-Economies" target="_blank">associated page</a> on the website of the <a href="https://www.rug.nl/ggdc/" target="_blank">Groningen Growth and Development Centre</a>.
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<b>When using these data (for whatever purpose), please make the following reference:</b><br>

Hamilton, C. and G. J. de Vries (2025). <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2025.106977", target="_blank">The Structural Transformation of Transition Economies.</a> World Development, 191, Article 106977.

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<h3>User information</h3>
<p>The ETD-TE includes the following data:</p>
<b>Countries</b>
<ul>
<li>Armenia</li>
<li>Azerbaijan</li>
<li>Belarus</li>
<li>Estonia</li>
<li>Georgia</li>
<li>Kazakhstan</li>
<li>Kyrgyzstan</li>
<li>Latvia</li>
<li>Lithuania</li>
<li>Moldova</li>
<li>Russian Federation</li>
<li>Tajikistan</li>
<li>Ukraine</li>
<li>Uzbekistan</li>
</ul>

<b>Variables</b>
<ul>
<li>Persons Employed (thousands)</li>
<li>Constant price value added in local currency (millions)</li>
<li>Nominal price value added in local currency (millions)</li>
<li>
<i>*Where countries changed or revalued currency during the sample period, all VA data is provided in units of the most recent/current currency.</i>
</li>
</ul>

<b>Sectors</b>
<ul>
<li>Agriculture, ISIC Rev. 4 code: A</li>
<li>Mining, ISIC Rev. 4 code: B</li>
<li>Manufacturing, ISIC Rev. 4 code: C</li>
<li>Utilities, ISIC Rev. 4 code: D+E</li>
<li>Construction, ISIC Rev. 4 code: F</li>
<li>Trade Services, ISIC Rev. 4 code: G+I</li>
<li>Transport, ISIC Rev. 4 code: H</li>
<li>Business Services, ISIC Rev. 4 code: J+M+N</li>
<li>Financial Services, ISIC Rev. 4 code: K</li>
<li>Real Estate, ISIC Rev. 4 code: L</li>
<li>Government Services, ISIC Rev. 4 code: O+P+Q</li>
<li>Other Services, ISIC Rev. 4 code: R+S+T+U</li>
</ul>

<b>Time period</b>
<ul>
<li>Persons employed and constant price value added is provided annually for the period 1990-2019, and nominal price value added for the period 1995-2019.</li>
</ul>