SeaFlux v2023: harmonised sea-air CO2 fluxes from surface pCO2 data products using a standardised approach

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See the additional notes for updates on the

Fluxes calculated using the standardized approach:

 \(F\text{CO}_2=K_0 \cdot K_w \cdot (p\text{CO}_2^\text{sea} - p\text{CO}_2^\text{atm})\ \cdot (1 - [ice])\).

We provide each of the components to this equation to reduce the potential for errors in fluxes due to methodological differences.

The netCDF files contain the following data (note that only bold names have been updated in v2023): 

fgco2_all_winds_products: the sea-air CO2 flux for all spCO2 products (6) and kw from all wind products (5). 

fgco2_global: the globally integrated sea-air CO2 fluxes for all spCO2 products (6) and kw from all wind products (6)

sol:  \(K_0\)  is calculated using the Weiss (1974) parameterization with EN4 salinity and OISST temperatures 

kw: \(k_w\)  is calculated for winds with each being scaled independently to a 14-C bomb flux estimate of 16.5 cm/hr using the quadratic formulation by Wanninkhof (1992).

CCMPv2

ERA5

JRA55

NCEP1

NCEP2

spco2_SOCOM_unfilled: \(p\text{CO}_2^\text{sea}\) downloaded from various sources contains the following products:

CMEMS_FFNN

CSIR_ML6

JENA_MLS

JMA_MLR

MPI_SOMFFN

NIES_FNN

spco2_filler: scaled version of the Landschützer et al. (2020) climatology used to fill missing regions of spco2_SOCOM_unfilled

fco2atm: \(p\text{CO}_2^\text{atm}\) is calculated from NOAA's marine boundary layer product with ERA5 mean sea level pressure corrected for pH2O. The virial coefficient is then applied to pCO2atm

ice: \([ice]\)  is the ice fraction from the OISST product

area_ocean: the surface area of the ocean including the fractional area of the coastal regions

seafrac: the fraction of a pixel that is ocean

Units are listed in the metadata of each of the netCDF variables.