Transcriptome profile of parvalbumin-positive neuron from mouse cerebral cortex during induced plasticity.

Neural plasticity is a general property of the brain to establish and consolidate new synaptic connections which is lost during adulthood. However, some of the histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors (HDACi) have been found to reactivate plasticity in adult mice. We have exploited this to study the transcriptomics during induced plasticity by analyzing single type of neurons (parvalbumin-positive(PV)/GABAergic neurons) which is known to be actively involved in plasticity. With our recently developed nanoCAGE and CAGEscan method, we prepared PV neurons transcriptome libraries from small amount of total RNA (30-100ng) and sequenced them with Illumina Genome Analizer IIx that yielded ~11 million(M) tags/library/condition on average. We have identified >26 M transcription starting sites with the mapped tags. We have also produced a good resource of paired end tags (>53 M). We have identified genes with their genome ontology terms which are involved in plasticity. Also, we have anticipated the involvement of non-protein coding RNAs including repeat elements and transcription factor networks. The results of this study might be used in the future to modulate the brain plasticity, for instance by generating targets for new drugs.