Mannuronate Oligosaccharides Ameliorate Experimental Colitis and Secondary Neurological Dysfunction by Manipulating the Gut–Brain Axis

Microbiota
dysfunction induces intestinal
disorders and neurological diseases. Mannuronate oligosaccharides
(MAOS), a kind of alginate oligosaccharide (AOS), specifically exert
efficacy in shaping gut microbiota and relieving cognitive impairment.
However, the key regulatory factors involved, such as the specific
strains and metabolites as well as their regulatory mechanisms, remain
unclear at present. This research investigates how MAOS specifically
impact the gut–brain axis in vivo and in vitro. The results showed that pretreatment with MAOS
significantly ameliorated dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis
and secondary nerve injury. This preventive mechanism operates through
the regulation of serum DOPC abundance and the gut–brain axis,
achieved by inhibiting the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway. These findings
underscore the crucial role of dietary MAOS in the prevention of colitis
and neurological disorders, providing a rationale for the application
of MAOS in disease prevention and functional food ingredients.