Environmental dose of Bisphenol S exposure to brown adipose tissue accelerates aging

Bisphenol S (BPS), a common industrial chemical, is increasingly recognized for its potential to disrupt physiological functions even at environmental doses. In this study, we investigated the effects of BPS exposure on lifespan and health span using Caenorhabditis elegans and mouse models. We found that BPS accumulates in brown adipose tissue (BAT), inducing BAT aging by triggering mitochondrial dysfunction, chronic inflammation, altered intercellular communication, cellular senescence, deregulated nutrient-sensing pathways, impaired macroautophagy, and loss of proteostasis. These changes accelerated aging in multiple organs, including the heart, liver, kidneys, lungs, and skeletal muscle. Notably, BAT transplantation experiments revealed that BAT from BPS-exposed mice induced accelerated aging in non-exposed mice, while BAT from non-exposed mice mitigated aging in BPS-exposed mice. In summary, this study is the first to demonstrate that environmental doses of BPS promote systemic aging by disrupting BAT energy metabolism. Transcriptome sequencing was conducted on total RNA extracted from BAT tissues of mice (veh group: n=8; BPS group: n=7), using the NovaSeq 6000 platform (Illumina) at the Beijing Genomic Institution (BGI, China).