Manifesto Project Dataset

The Manifesto Project Dataset provides the scientific community with parties’ policy positions derived from a content analysis of parties’ electoral manifestos. It covers over 1.000 parties from 1945 until today in over 50 countries on five continents.
The content analysis aims to discover party and presidential stances by quantifying their statements and messages to their electorate. A unified classification scheme with an accompanying set of rules was developed to make such statements comparable. Analysing manifestos allows for measurement of party and presidents’ policy positions across countries and elections within a common framework. Manifestos are understood to be parties’ only and presidential candidates’ main authoritative policy statements and, therefore, as indicators of the parties’ policy preferences at a given point in time.
The Manifesto Project Data Collection was originally created by the Manifesto Research Group (MRG) in the late 1970s and the 1980s. The work was continued under the name Comparative Manifestos Project (CMP) at the WZB Berlin Social Science Center in the 1990s and 2000s. Since 2009 the Manifesto Research on Political Representation (MARPOR) project updates and extends the dataset. It is funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG) and is still located at the WZB Berlin Social Science Center.

宣言项目数据集（Manifesto Project Dataset）为科学界提供基于各政党竞选宣言内容分析得出的政党政策立场数据。该数据集覆盖了五大洲50余个国家自1945年至今的1000余个政党。
本次内容分析旨在通过量化各政党及总统候选人向选民发布的声明与主张，研判其立场倾向。研究团队开发了一套配套规则的统一分类体系，以实现此类声明的跨样本可比性。通过对竞选宣言的分析，可在统一框架下实现不同国家、不同选举中政党及总统候选人政策立场的量化测度。竞选宣言被视为政党唯一的、总统候选人主要的权威性政策声明，因此可作为特定时间点政党政策偏好的衡量指标。
宣言项目数据集的原始收集工作由宣言研究小组（Manifesto Research Group, MRG）于20世纪70年代末至80年代完成。20世纪90年代至21世纪初，相关工作以比较宣言项目（Comparative Manifestos Project, CMP）之名在柏林社会科学研究中心（WZB Berlin Social Science Center）持续推进。自2009年起，政治代表权宣言研究（Manifesto Research on Political Representation, MARPOR）项目对该数据集进行更新与拓展。该项目由德国研究基金会（German Research Foundation, DFG）资助，目前仍依托柏林社会科学研究中心开展工作。