The upper thermal tolerance of marine invertebrates at several hierarchical and geographical scales

The upper thermal tolerance of marine amphipods and isopods from South Africa and Marion Island. Animals were acclimated to low, average and high sea water temperatures and upper thermal tolerance was determined using a dynamic (fast and slow rates of temperature change) or static protocol. Control individuals were maintained for slow-rate experiments and data was obtained on their fat content and upper thermal tolerance, similar data was collected on field fresh individuals. Microclimate temperature data was collected at the collection sites of the animals.