Following a 5-day pretreatment with Lactobacillus reuteri, HDCA, or DMSO, piglets were challenged with PEDV, and subsequent jejunal content samples were subjected to targeted bile acid metabolic profiling.

Twenty 3-day-old piglets that tested negative for both PEDV and PRRS antigens/antibodies were randomly divided into four groups: mock, DMSO, LR, and HDCA groups. The treatment groups received oral administration for five consecutive days prior to PEDV challenge. Intestinal contents were collected from piglets showing severe clinical symptoms for metabolomic sequencing. For piglets that either remained asymptomatic or displayed mild symptoms, jejunal contents were collected following euthanasia on day 7 post-challenge for subsequent metabolomic analysis.