A case-control study on the association between diabetes and hepatitis B

Objective To analyze the prevalence of occult hepatitis B infection and its correlation with diabetes through a case-control design.Methods A case-control study was conducted using data from the diabetes management system in Jingyuan County, Gansu Province, to assess the seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus. Fingertip blood samples were collected for instant blood glucose testing, while venous blood samples were collected for hepatitis B serological marker testing.Results The study included 1218 diabetic patients and 553 non-diabetic patients. Among individuals without a previous diagnosis of diabetes, 11.15% had impaired fasting blood glucose levels and 4.43% had diabetes. Among those who reported no or unknown diagnosis of hepatitis B, 1.73% tested positive for hepatitis B surface antigen, while 18.8% tested positive for both hepatitis B core antibody and surface antibody, indicating occult prevalence or past recovery from occult disease status. In the non-diabetic group, 0.82% reported having hepatitis B compared to 2.76% in the diabetic group (adjusted incidence ratio: 2.41; 95% CI:1.10-5.25).Conclusions By analyzing epidemiological characteristics of both diseases, this study provides evidence on occult prevalence and comorbidity between diabetes and hepatitis B as well as insights into health management strategies for diabetes and efforts towards eliminating Hepatitis-B by2030.